Black Gram (Vigna mungo), or urd bean, is a major pulse crop in India due to its high nutritional value and high demand on the domestic market. It is cultivated under the name urad in several states, including Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Maharashtra, and Andhra Pradesh. The crop can be cultivated in irrigated and rain-fed regions and the Kharif and Rabi seasons.
The Black Gram Cultivation Project is a profitable agricultural venture in India, particularly for small and subsistence producers. One acre of land will be used to cultivate Black Gram using recommended agricultural practices and inputs. The project aims to achieve high yields and profits by producing high-quality Black Grams.
The project report includes a comprehensive analysis of the cost and profit of cultivating one acre of Black Gram in India. The cost of production includes the price of land preparation, seed, fertilizers, pesticides, labor, irrigation, and other miscellaneous expenses. Based on the yield and market price of Black Gram, the profit analysis comprises the computation of total revenue, gross profit, and net profit.
1 Acre Black Gram Cultivation Project Report in India
Market and Demand for Black Gram Cultivation
Black Gram is grown and consumed primarily in India, accounting for over 80% of worldwide production. As a result of its high nutritional value and diverse applications in the culinary industry, the demand for black Gram has increased steadily. India will produce approximately 2.5 million metric tonnes of black Gram in 2020-21, a steady increase from the previous year. India’s main producers of Black Gram are Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Maharashtra, and Andhra Pradesh.
In India, the average yield of Black Gram is between 6-8 quintals per acre, but yields of up to 800 kg per acre are possible with appropriate management and high-yielding varieties. Black Gram’s domestic market is mostly driven by the demand for dal (split and dehusked seeds) and other food items. The export market for Black Gram is also expanding, with significant importers including the UAE, Saudi Arabia, Malaysia, and Sri Lanka.
Best Black Gram High Yield Variety for Black Gram Cultivation
- T-9 is a high-yielding variety with excellent insect and disease resistance. It can be cultivated in both irrigated and rain-fed regions.
- This Vigna mungo 4 has a high production potential and is resistant to yellow mosaic virus and powdery mildew.
- Pusa-1: This variety is well-liked by farmers due to its high yield and disease resistance. It can be cultivated in both irrigated and rain-fed regions.
- This variety, TAU-1, is renowned for its rapid maturation and high yield potential. It is resistant to the yellow mosaic virus as well as other pathogens.
- This variety, T-65, has a high yield potential and can be grown in irrigated and rain-fed regions. Yellow mosaic virus and powdery mildew cannot infect it.
- This cultivar, Co-5, is renowned for its high yield potential and resistance to diseases like yellow mosaic virus and powdery mildew. It can be cultivated in both irrigated and rain-fed regions.
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Cost of Cultivation for 1-Acre Black Gram Cultivation in India
- Human labor is the first part, which includes the cost of paying people to plant, weed, and harvest. The labor cost can vary depending on the area rates and availability of laborers, but it typically ranges from Rs. 3300-4100 per acre.
- The second component is land preparation, which covers the cost of plowing, leveling, and other soil preparation costs. Depending on the soil type and tools used, the cost of land preparation can range from Rs. 2500-3100 per acre.
- The third component is the cost of seeds, which can vary depending on the quality and quantity of seeds purchased. The cost of high-quality black gram seeds can range from Rs. 1100-1250 per acre.
- The fourth component is the cost of fertilizers and manure, which includes purchasing and applying fertilizers and manure to the soil for black gram growth. The cost of fertilizers and manure can vary depending on the fertilizer and manure used, but it typically ranges from Rs. 2600-3000 per acre.
- The fifth component is the cost of insecticides and plant protection methods to protect crops from pests and diseases. Depending on the level of pest infestation and the type of plant protection methods used, the cost can range from Rs. 1280-1600 per acre.
- The final component is the cost of harvesting and other activities, which includes crop harvesting, transportation, and storage. Depending on the harvesting method and market distance, the cost can range from Rs. 2550-3600 per acre.
The cost of cultivating one acre of black Gram in India can range from Rs. 13,330-16,750, depending on human labor, land preparation, seeds, fertilizers and manure, insecticides, plant protection methods, harvesting, and other activities.
Total Returns from 1 Acre Black Gram Cultivation
- The total revenue from one acre of Black Gram cultivation in India can vary depending on the yield and market prices of the crop.
- On average, one acre of Black Gram cultivation can yield 6-8 quintals of grains.
- The average market price of Black Gram at Rs. 7803.57 per quintal, then the total revenue from one acre of Black Gram cultivation can range from Rs. 46,821.42 to Rs. 62,428.56.
- Market prices for Black Gram can vary widely, with the lowest market price at Rs. 4500.00 per quintal and the costliest market price at Rs. 12000.00 per quintal.
- The lowest market price, the total revenue from one acre of Black Gram cultivation, would be Rs. 27,000.00 to Rs. 36,000.00. On the other hand, if the costliest market price,
- The total revenue from one acre of Black Gram cultivation would be Rs. 72,000.00 to Rs. 96,000.00.
Net Profit from 1-Acre Black Gram Cultivation
The net profit from one acre of Black Gram cultivation in India depends on the total cost of cultivation and the total revenue generated from the crop sale. Assuming a cost of cultivation of Rs. 15,000.00 per acre and an average market price of Rs. 7803.57 per quintal, the total revenue from one Black Gram cultivation would be around Rs. 50,000.00 to Rs. 62,000.00. Subtracting the cost of cultivation, the net profit would be around Rs. 35,000.00 to Rs. 47,000.00 per acre.
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Conclusion
Culturing one acre of Black Gram in India involves a production cost of Rs. 13,330-16,750 and can yield a net profit of Rs. 35,000-47,000, depending on the market prices and yield obtained. Careful planning and management can improve profitability.
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