In India, wheat is considered one of the essential staple crops. Wheat is the second most consumed grain in India, after rice, and it helps to provide millions of people in the north and northwest regions of the country with a diet that is complete and healthy. According to the latest statistics, India’s top three wheat-producing states are Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, and Madhya Pradesh, with a total production of 25.22 million tonnes, 15.78 million tonnes, and 14.18 million tonnes, respectively.
The consumption of wheat in various cuisines and processed products like flour, pasta, noodles, and beverages is expected to increase with the rising food demand and population growth in many countries. However, challenges like increased awareness of gluten allergies or sensitivity and weather uncertainties may restrain market growth in the forecast period. In Asian countries, including India, wheat is widely cultivated for its seed and cereal grain, a staple food worldwide.
Market and Demand for Wheat Cultivation
India is one of the major consumers and producers of wheat in the Asia-Pacific region. The country is expected to witness significant wheat cultivation and consumption growth during 2021-2025. According to the results of the study, wheat production in India is projected to reach 115 million metric tons by the year 2025, representing a compound growth rate (CAGR) of 4.8% during the span of the forecast.
The increasing demand for wheat-based products, such as bread, noodles, pasta, and baked goods, coupled with the rising population and changing food habits of people, are the key drivers for the growth of the wheat market in India. Additionally, the Indian government’s support for wheat cultivation and its focus on increasing productivity through various initiatives, such as providing subsidies for agricultural inputs, including seeds, fertilizers, and irrigation facilities, is expected to drive market growth further.
Best Wheat High Yield variety for Wheat Cultivation
- DBW 187 is an early-maturing variety suitable for cultivating low- to medium-soil fertility areas. This variety is known for its drought and heat stress tolerance and is recommended for cultivation in Haryana, Punjab, west UP, Rajasthan, eastern UP, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, and Gujarat.
- DBW 303 is also an early-maturing variety with high yield potential, excellent grain quality, high protein content, and resistance to diseases like rust and Karnal bunt. It is recommended for larger areas in India.
- DBW 222 is a semi-dwarf variety recommended for high-yielding and irrigated environments. It is known for its high yield potential, good grain quality, and resistance to diseases like yellow rust and leaf blight.
- HD 3226 is a high-yielding variety recommended for cultivation in the northwestern region of India. It is known for its good grain quality, high protein content, and resistance to diseases like leaf rust and stripe rust.
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1 Acre Wheat Cultivation Project Report in India
- Land preparation costs include plowing, leveling, and seedbed preparation. The cost for these activities is Rs. 2500/acre.
- Seeds and Sowing: Seeds and sowing cost Rs. 2000/acre.
- Fertilizers: The cost of fertilizers depends on the type of fertilizer used and the quantity required for 1-acre wheat cultivation. The cost for fertilizers is Rs. 3500/acre.
- Pesticides: The cost of pesticides depends on the type of pesticides used and the quantity required for 1-acre wheat cultivation. The cost for pesticides is Rs. 2500/acre.
- Plant Protection: The cost of plant protection includes weedicides/herbicides, which control weeds in the wheat crop. The cost for weedicides/herbicidides is Rs. 1500/acre.
- Irrigation: The cost of irrigation depends on the source of water used for irrigation. The cost is Rs. 2000/acre.
- Labor cost: The labor cost is Rs. 1220/acre
- Harvesting: The cost of harvesting includes harvesting charges and threshing charges. The cost for harvesting is Rs. 3600/acre, and the cost for threshing is Rs. 3600/acre.
The total expense of growing one acre of wheat in India is Rs. 22,920/acre. It is significant to remember that these expenses can change based on the area and the particular agricultural methods employed. The overall cost of cultivation may also be affected by additional elements like transportation expenses, quality inputs, and harvesting.
Total Returns from 1 Acre Wheat Cultivation
However, 28 quintals of wheat are usually grown in India per acre. (2800 kg). Due to fluctuations in market supply, demand, and foreign prices, wheat’s average price varies in India. The average price of wheat in India as of March 2023 is about Rs. 2400 per quintal (100 kg), or Rs. 67,200 per acre (28 quintals x Rs. 2400/quintal).
Net Profit from 1-Acre Wheat Cultivation
The total cost of growing one acre of wheat in India is Rs 22,920/acre, which covers clearing the ground, planting the seeds, applying fertilizer and pesticides, protecting the plants, irrigating the field, paying labor costs, and harvesting the crop. With an average output of 28 quintals and an average price of Rs. 2400 per quintal, the total profits from growing wheat on a single acre would be close to Rs. 67,200. The net profit from 1-acre wheat cultivation in India would be
- Net profit = Total returns – Total expenses
- Net profit = 67,200 – 22,920 in rupees.
- Net income = Rs. 44,280 per acre
It is important to note that the net profit may vary based on several factors, including the yield, price, and expenses incurred. Additional factors like transportation expenses, quality inputs, and harvesting can also affect the overall cost of cultivation.
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Conclusion
The estimated cost for growing 1 acre of wheat in India is Rs 22,920. The estimated total revenue from wheat selling is Rs 67,200, yielding a net profit per acre of Rs 44,280. However, it needs to consider other factors that may impact the total cost of cultivation and net profit, such as shipping costs, the quality of the inputs, and harvesting.
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